Bitcoin mining is the process through which new bitcoins are created and transactions are validated on the blockchain—a public, decentralized ledger of all Bitcoin activity. It involves solving complex mathematical problems using powerful computers, securing the network and earning rewards in the form of new bitcoins.
How It Works
There are three ways to acquire Bitcoin:
- Buying from exchanges
- Accepting it as payment
- Mining it
In the early days, mining could be done using regular home computers. But as the network grew and mining difficulty increased, it became too resource-intensive for casual users. Today, mining is dominated by industrial-scale operations that use specialized hardware (ASICs) and large amounts of electricity.
Bitcoin miners compete to solve a complex puzzle by guessing a 64-digit hexadecimal number called a hash. The first to solve it adds a new block to the blockchain and earns a block reward—currently 3.125 bitcoins (as of April 2024). This reward halves every four years in a process called the halving, until the total supply reaches 21 million bitcoins.
Why It Matters
Mining ensures the integrity and security of the Bitcoin network. It’s a self-sustaining system where miners are incentivized to maintain the blockchain, making Bitcoin decentralized and resistant to
